Secret special ceramics by the chemical composition of the types have?

Published: 16 May 2009 19:42:39

Special ceramics are developed in the twentieth century, in the modernization of production and science and technology to promote and nurture, they "breeding" very quickly, especially in the last two or three decades, new varieties and styles, dazzling. Divided in accordance with the chemical composition has:

① oxide ceramics: alumina, zirconia, magnesia, calcium oxide, beryllium oxide, zinc oxide, yttrium oxide, titanium dioxide, thorium oxide, uranium oxide and so on.

② nitride ceramics: silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, nitride, such as uranium.

③ carbide ceramics: silicon carbide, boron carbide, uranium carbide and so on.

④ boride ceramics: zirconium diboride, lanthanum, etc. diboride.

⑤ Silicide ceramics: molybdenum silicide, etc..

⑥ fluoride ceramics: magnesium fluoride, calcium fluoride, lanthanum fluoride, etc..

Sulfide ceramics: zinc sulfide, cerium sulfide, etc.. There arsenides ceramics, ceramic selenium compounds, tellurium compounds, such as ceramics.

In addition to the main compound by a single-phase ceramic composition, there are from two or more compounds of the composite ceramic. For example, alumina and magnesium oxide by the combination of the Mg-Al spinel ceramics, silicon nitride and alumina by a combination of oxygen aluminum nitride ceramics, by the oxidation of chromium, lanthanum oxide and calcium oxide based on a combination of chromic acid lanthanum phosphate ceramics from zirconia, titanium dioxide, lead oxide, lanthanum oxide based on a combination of lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) ceramics and so on. In addition, a large class has added to the ceramic and metal cermet generated, such as oxide cermets, carbide cermets, borides cermets are also an important modern ceramic varieties. In recent years, in order to improve the brittleness of ceramics, ceramic matrix added metal fibers and inorganic fibers, such consisting of fiber reinforced ceramic composite materials, ceramics are the youngest in the family but it is the most promising branch.

People for the production, research and study on the convenience, and sometimes not by chemical composition, and according to the performance of ceramics, to divide them into high-strength ceramics, high temperature ceramics, high-toughness ceramics, ferroelectric ceramics, piezoelectric ceramics, ceramic electrolyte, semiconductor ceramics, dielectric ceramics, optical ceramics (ie, transparent ceramics), magnetic ceramics, acid-resistant ceramics and bio-ceramic and so on.

With the development of science and technology, people can expect a modern ceramic development will be faster, produce more varieties updated.