Longquan celadon celadon firing the first tounique artistry heritage Millennium

Published: 16 May 2009 18:57:08

Song and Yuan Dynasty Longquan KilnUmeko Green Disk

A few days ago, one of China's five major"Longquan celadon potteries, craft" has passed the Ministry of Culture to declare the non-material and cultural center validation, formal log UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity List Convention 2003, Registration No. 0025, will and may have to get a world-class gold business card, which in the major producing areas of ceramics is the first time.

Longquan, vice mayor of the city government toldZhongguo Xinwen She, in last year's second session of the Chinese Longquan celadon? Longquan sword Festival has Longquan celadon kiln in the eight other commonDepartment objectives, "This year, through the tireless efforts of our Longquan celadon finally taking the lead out of the this step, to become China's major rejuvenationleader. "

"Human Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage" is published with UNESCO's World Heritage List and Natural Heritage List of the same steps Heritage List, UNESCO for the protection of intangible cultural heritage of mankind, starting in 2003 to implement the a reporting system, published every two years. At present, the human representative of the Intangible Cultural Heritage has announced the three, China's Kunqu art, guqin arts, Xinjiang Uygur Muqam Arts and Mongolia Mongolian joint declaration, such as long 4 has been successfully declared.

Longquan celadon potteries traditional skills is a production of, skills and artistry of traditional crafts. And skills of its production is mainly manifested in the raw material preparation, molding decoration, high-temperature sintering and so on. Including crushing, washing, outworn, practice mud, molding, drying, repair blank, decoration, Su-burned, glazed, fitted box, loaded the kiln, burning and other processes 13. In the 1700 years of heritage, these processes gradually formed a unique celadon firing skills.

In recent years, Longquan Celadon City party committee and government attach great importance to industrial development, and spare no effort to promote traditional Longquan celadon potteriespreparation skills. In July this year, the Ministry of Culture issued a declaration regarding "Intangible Cultural Heritage of mankind" to prepare a list of project notification, Longquan City party committee and government and related departments on positive action, and repeated efforts.

"It's really not easy to declare receipt of the notification materials is September 10, while the Ministry of Culture requested September 25 for all materials must be submitted to the Ministry,"said that for the traditional firing techniques Longquan celadon comprehensive and brilliant display come out, they invited Zhejiang Television professional photographer took pictures of more than four hours of Longquan celadon video, and then condensed into 10 minutes of image data to each and every lens, every second can be very exciting. And has collected more than 200 sheets of photos, selected from the most classic of the 10 turned over to the Ministry of Culture.

Finally, in Longquan City party committee and government and all sectors in the efforts of the Longquan celadon potteries, traditional skills and culture of the two silk sericulture project was the Ministry of Culture identified as "human Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage" recommend to declare the project. Longquan celadon finally have the opportunity to enter the United Nations!

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Longquan Kiln, Xing in the Five Dynasties, Song and Yuan Sheng very in, the decline in the mid-Ming,out after the stage of history. Longquan Kilnearly pottery, from the beginning of the Five Dynasties, Longquan kiln truly entered the era porcelain,time runs through the entire 1600 years of Chinese history and the longest duration ofnever burned off, write out the Longquan Kiln Huazhang a brilliant, creating a powerful dynasty celadon.

Rise and Fall of celadon and the environment are inextricably linked, water quality, billet, climate, wood salary and other factors glaze a piece of superiority or inferiority. Oujiangchina clay rich resources, accessible by sea, mountains overlapping peaks, lush vegetation and pleasant weather, superior natural environment laid the Longquan kiln basic conditions to flourish. Oujiang Fengyangshan originated from, from the Longquan began meandering, flowing out of a road stretch of celadon, surging river ever beat a celadon culture pulse, Longquan celadon should be a Oujiang and the implicit Smart Office, are the arts in naturally on the continuation of the arts are the natural embodiment of natural person are the beliefs and worship.

Longquan kiln has Ge ware and the kiln is at a younger brother. In the "State Chunsheng porcelain,Jingfang" the Song Dynasty, Longquan kiln had accounted for a place, in particular Ge ware in terms of the Song Dynasty "official, brother, Ru, set, Jun"of one of the top five. Here, wein accordance with the glaze and the younger brother of Ge ware and the kiln could be screened locally. Ge ware green glazed plums, many glazed cracking, commonly known as "ice cracks,"iron black, rustic style, has gold wire, purple feet, said iron. Ge ware kiln as a brother, younger brother kiln fetal thick white glaze, color and soft, jade stones, green, Ge wareone slightly behind the quality of chips, but the overall level was still ahead of other kiln mouth.

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Southern Song Dynasty Longquan Kiln outstanding achievements, reflected in the firing process and artistic practices two aspects:

Technological achievements and artistic achievements, the two are complementary and can not be completely separated. If there is no technology achievements, even in the absence of a high artistic standard, but also nothing of business. Technological improvements must also improve the requirements of art can complement each other.

In the Southern Song Dynasty Longquan Kiln burning tires to create white and black children are two types of fine porcelain (white births over the past literature celadon kiln known as the younger brother, known as the Ge ware celadon and fetal), both in eggshell thick glaze for it main features. However, to explore the situation from the survey proved that the overwhelming majority of the Southern Song Dynasty Longquan Kilnalmost entirely to the production of white celadon fetal mainly, accounting for 95% of the total output was about are the mainstream of Longquan porcelain industry. And black births celadon kiln and only found in large parts of Xikou sites in less quantity. It does not appear in the Southern Song Dynasty before and will not appear in the Southern Song Dynasty, the do not see it before and after the development of clues. Can think at the time of official orders are to adapt and follow the example of a special part of GUANYAO products.

Since the Southern Song Dynasty Longquan Kiln mastered eggshell thick glaze technology, to Zhejiang Celadon has opened up a major development. Large kiln for example, whether white or black child fetal exquisite products arethin, rich layer of glaze, color good system precision, reflecting the characteristics of this period produced. Because fetal thin thick glaze in order to give full scope to the south show delicate celadon letter style, enhance its artistic quality. If you only stay in the so-called "quality thick with disabilities,extremely resistant and difficult to Mao nothing" level, then its value in a very confined. Longquan kiln popularized eggshell thick glaze technology, to burn some tires thin hard, Linglong terminal Qiao, beautiful celadon applies, for the time of manufacture does not harm the cleft, after firing deformation, highly non-technical can not be. Southern Song Dynasty of handicrafts has entered a new stage, Park thick rough things as the history of the process of gradually being phased out in lieu of and Xing is the application of lightweight, Seiko secret agents of products, this is a reflection of technology skills at the time of progress and improve social life. Longquan celadon is also a manifestation of its requirements of the times, surpassing the level of ancient technology, is an important step forward.

Then glazing methods improved, a significant thickening of the glaze layer, so that the coloring effect of iron reduction to achieve the perfect level. Tang, Five Dynasties and the Yue celadon, glazing still mainly linked thin, many in the glaze layer 1 mm below, the light glaze, blue, yellow mixed. Only the Southern Song Dynasty Longquan Kiln powder blue, plum Green Products, a full grasp of a thick glaze technology, in the section on objects, you can clearly see that after several processes Shikishima glaze, some glaze layer thicker thanmore so glaze Jingying green gives a pure aesthetic pleasure. Its advantages can be summarized around are: 1, can not afford to floating light, calm and soft; 2, color green, rich moisture; 3, both inside and outside the uniform, very sophisticated; 4, glaze juice fixation, minimal flow. The so-called "call-its sound, such as gold; depending on its color,Ruyu." Southern Song Dynasty Longquan celadon can be well-deserved.

Will be the Southern Song Dynasty Longquan celadon kiln and the other to compare against one another can be a better understanding of its characteristics: ancient Chinese porcelain, such as Yue, Oujiang kiln, Kiln Wucheng,kiln, kiln Yuezhou, Yaozhou, Ru, Xianghu, as well as the Northern Song Dynasty Guan Kiln, the Southern Song Dynasty Jiaotan kiln and so on, all known for a green glaze. From the existing physical inspection, belonging to the South such as Yue celadon system generally dark glaze, near Ai cyan, misty kiln porcelain bowl, thenmainly white flash Youth; Wucheng state, Yuezhou, theCeladon, Malacosoma many glaze, and mottled impure; As Yaozhou northern celadon system, the Pro Ru, thin transparent glaze to mostly yellow-green; Northern Song Ru, producing very fine, but the flashing blue glaze,days cyan, unique; Song Guan Although beauty powder green-glazed, with the Longquan celadonsimilar, but the film has opened, has not yet been able to overcome the glaze with the child the difference between the expansion coefficient. Only the Southern Song Dynasty Longquan celadon kiln fetal white, crystalline glaze Ruyu, whether in science or arts requirement may be that top grade.